Allelopathic Effect of Barleria lupulina Lindl.on Germination and Seedling Growth of Pigweed and Barnyardgrass
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Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate on an allelopathic potential and its chemical basis of Barleria lupulina Lindl., a traditional medicinal plant in Thailand. Pigweed (Amaranthus spinosus L.) and barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.) were used as test species. Aqueous extract of different parts at concentrations of 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/mL was assayed on a seed germination and seedling growth of the test species. The leaf extract significantly showed the highest inhibitory activity of germination and seedling growth of the test species, followed by stems and roots respectively. The leaf selected on partially isolation of active compounds by acid-base partitioning method. Crude 70% aqueous-ethanol extract of leaf was further separated into acidic fraction (AE), neutral fraction (NE) and aqueous fraction (AQ). The fractions were assayed on the test species at the concentrations of 2,500, 5,000, 7,500 and 10,000 ppm. The inhibitory activity was significance depending on fractions and concentrations. NE fraction showed the most inhibition on germination and seedling growth of pigweed and barnyard grass followed by AE and AQ respectively. The inhibitory effect increased with increasing concentration. Pigweed were more susceptible to the fractions than barnyard grass. These results indicated that B. lupilina contained growth inhibitory substances and possess allelopathic activity. Then, partially isolation of active compounds showed NE fraction had the most effect. The results lead for further identification of allelochemicals and development into natural herbicides for sustainable agriculture.
Keywords: Allelopathy, Barleria lupulina Lindl, Inhibitory activity
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