Diversity and Uses of Tree Species in the Deciduous Dipterocarp Forest, Mae Chaem District, Chiang Mai Province, Northern Thailand
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Published
Jul 17, 2017
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Abstract
This paper presents a study of tree species diversity of deciduous dipterocarp forest (DDF) in Mae Chaem District, Chiang Mai Province, northern Thailand and a review of traditional uses. The tree species diversity (diameter at breast height, DBH ≥ 5.0 cm) was surveyed in a 1-ha plot. We found 1,572 individuals, belonging to 25 tree species (23 genera and 18 families). Dipterocarpus tuberculatus, Shorea obtusa and Gluta usitata were the most dominant species in the forest. Trees generally showed high abundance in a small size class (DBH £ 10 cm), indicating a high potential for regeneration processes after past disturbances. The review of traditional knowledge on uses revealed that most species can be used for different purposes, depending on species and culture. In conclusion, conserving this DDF should focus on maintaining tree species diversity by preventing severe fire and unsustainable uses.
Keywords: Deciduous dipterocarp forest, Disturbances, Diversity, Forest regeneration, Traditional uses
References
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Chuakul, W. (2000). Medicinal plants in khao kho district, Phetchabun province, Thailand. Pharmaceutical biology, 38(1), 61-67.
Chuakul, W., Saralamp, P., & Boonpleng, A. (2002). Medicinal plants used in the Kutchum district, Yasothon Province, Thailand. Thai Journal of Phytopharmacy, 9(1), 22-49.
Cruz-Garcia, G. S., & Price, L. L. (2011). Ethnobotanical investigation of' wild' food plants used by rice farmers in Kalasin, Northeast Thailand. Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine, 7(1), 33.
de Boer, H. J., Lamxay, V., & Björk, L. (2012). Comparing medicinal plant knowledge using similarity indices: A case of the Brou, Saek and Kry in Lao PDR. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 141(1), 481-500.
de Boer, H., Vongsombath, C., Pålsson, K., Bjørk, L., & Jaenson, T. (2010). Botanical repellents and pesticides traditionally used against hematophagous invertebrates in Lao People’s Democratic Republic: A comparative study of plants used in 66 villages. Journal of Medical Entomology, 47, 400-414.
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Elliott, S., Kopachon, S., Suriya, K., Plukum, S., Pakaad, G., Navakitbumrung, P.,… Blakesley, D. (1997). Forest restoration research in northern Thailand: 2. The fruits, seeds and seedlings of Gluta usitata (wall.) Hou (Anacardiaceae). Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society, 45, 205-215.
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Hadi, S., & Bremner, J. B. (2001). Initial studies on alkaloids from Lombok medicinal plants. Molecules, 6(2), 117-129.
Himmapan, W., & Kaitpraneet, S. (2008). Effect of fire on vegetation in the dry deciduous dipterocarp forest at Huai Kha Khaeng wildlife sanctuary, Uthai Thani province. Thai Journal of Forestry, 27(1), 43-55.
Ji, H., Shengji, P., & Chunlin, L. (2004). An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the Lisu people in Nujiang, northwest Yunnan, China. Economic botany, 58(sp1), S253-S264.
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Junsongduang, A., Balslev, H., Inta, A., Jampeetong, A., & Wangpakapattanawong, P. (2013). Medicinal plants from swidden fallows and sacred forest of the Karen and the Lawa in Thailand. Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine, 9(1), 44.
Junsongduang, A., Balslev, H., Inta, A., Jampeetong, A., & Wangpakapattanawong, P. (2014). Karen and Lawa medicinal plant use: Uniformity or ethnic divergence?. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 151(1), 517-527.
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Khuankaew, S., Srithi, K., Tiansawat, P., Jampeetong, A., Inta, A., & Wangpakapattanawong, P. (2014). Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by Tai Yai in Northern Thailand. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 151(2), 829-838.
Khumbongmayum, A. D., Khan, M. L., & Tripathi, R. S. (2005). Sacred groves of Manipur, northeast India: biodiversity value, status and strategies for their conservation. Biodiversity & Conservation, 14(7), 1541-1582.
Kongkachuichay, P., Shitangkoon, A., & Chinwongamorn, N. (2002). Thermodynamics of adsorption of laccaic acid on silk. Dyes and pigments, 53(2), 179-185.
Kosaka, Y., Takeda, S., Prixar, S., Sithirajvongsa, S., & Xaydala, K. (2006). Species composition, distribution and management of trees in rice paddy fields in central Lao, PDR. Agroforestry Systems, 67(1), 1-17.
Kumar, J., Vengaiah, P. C., Srivastav, P. P., & Bhowmick, P. K. (2012). Chironji nut (Buchanania lanzan) processing, present practices and scope. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 11(1), 202-204.
Lamotte, S., Gajaseni, J., & Malaisse, F. (1998). Structure diversity in three forest types of north-eastern Thailand (Sakaerat Reserve, Pak Tong Chai). Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement, 2(3), 192-202.
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Marod, D., & Kuntintara, U. (2009). Forest Ecology. Bangkok: Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University.
Morton, J. F. (1987). Fruits of warm climates. Winterville, N. C.: Creative Resource Systems, Inc.
Murphy, P. G., & Lugo, A. E. (1986). Ecology of tropical dry forest. Annual review of ecology and systematics, 17(1), 67-88.
Narayanaswamy, R., & Ismail, I. S. (2015). Cosmetic potential of Southeast Asian herbs: an overview. Phytochemistry Reviews, 14(3), 419-428.
Natuhara, Y., Imanishi, A., Kanzaki, M., Southavong, S., & Duangvongsa, I. (2012). Uses of trees in paddy fields in Champasak Province, southern Lao PDR. Landscape and ecological engineering, 8(1), 115-122.
Nayak, J., & Basak, U. C. (2015). Antioxidant potential of some lesser known wild edible fruits of Odisha. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 5(8), 60-70.
Neamsuvan, O., Singdam, P., Yingcharoen, K., & Sengnon, N. (2012). A survey of medicinal plants in mangrove and beach forests from sating Phra Peninsula, Songkhla Province, Thailand. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 6(12), 2421-2437.
Onial, P., Dayal, R., Rawat, M. S. M., & Kumar, R. (2015). Utilization of Terminalia chebula Retz. fruits pericarp as a source of natural dye for textile applications. Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources (IJNPR)[Formerly Natural Product Radiance (NPR)], 6(2), 114-121.
Pooma, R., & Suddee, S. (Eds.). (2014). Thai plant names Tem Smitinand revised edition 2014. Bangkok: Office of the Forest Herbarium, Department of National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation.
Puri, A., Sahai, R., Singh, K. L., Saxena, R. P., Tandon, J. S., & Saxena, K. C. (2000). Immunostimulant activity of dry fruits and plant materials used in Indian traditional medical system for mothers after childbirth and invalids. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 71(1), 89-92.
Royal Forest Department. (2003). Forestry statistics of Thailand. Bangkok: Royal Forest Department.
Rujinirun, C., Phinyocheep, P., Prachyabrued, W., & Laemsak, N. (2005). Chemical treatment of wood for musical instruments. Part I: acoustically important properties of wood for the Ranad (Thai traditional xylophone). Wood Science and Technology, 39(1), 77-85.
Rundel, P. W., & Boonpragob, K. (1995). Dry forest ecosystems of Thailand. In S. H. Bullock, H. A. Mooney, & E. Medina (Eds.), Seasonally dry tropical forests (pp. 93–123). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Sahunalu, P. (2009). Stand structure and species composition in the longtermdynamic plots of Sakaerat deciduous dipterocarp forest, northeastern Thailand. Journal of Forest Management, 3(6), 1-20.
Schmidt-Vogt, D. (2001). Secondary forests in swidden agriculture in the highlands of Thailand. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 13, 748-767.
Schmidt-Vogt, D. (2007). Relict emergents in swidden fallows of the Lawa in North Thailand. In: M. Cairns, M. (Ed.), Voices from the Forest: Integrating indigenous knowledge into sustainable farming (pp. 38-54.). Washington: RFF Press.
Scott, P. (1986). The spatial pattern of dry season fires in the Savanna forests of Thailand. Journal of Biogeography, 13(4), 345-358.
Stott, P., Goldammer, J. G., & Werner, W. L. (1990). The role of fires in the tropical lowland deciduous forest of Asia. In Goldammer, J.G. (Ed.), Fire in the tropical biota: ecosystem processes and global challenges (pp. 32-44). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
Shiva, M. P., & Jantan, I. (1998). Non timber forest products from dipterocarps. In S. Appanah & J. M. Turnbull (Eds.), A review of dipterocarps: taxonomy, ecology and silviculture (pp 187-196) Bogor: Center for International Forestry Research.
Sichaem, J., Aree, T., Khumkratok, S., Jong-aramruang, J., & Tip-pyang, S. (2012). A new cytotoxic apotirucallane from the roots of Walsura trichostemon. Phytochemistry Letters, 5(3), 665-667.
Sukwong, S., Dhamanitayakul, P. & Pongumphai, S. (1975). Phenology and seasonal growth of dry dipterocarp forest tree species. Kasetsart Journal, 9(2), 105-114.
Taylor, R. S. L., Edel, F., Manandhar, N. P., & Towers, G. H. N. (1996). Antimicrobial activities of southern Nepalese medicinal plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 50(2), 97-102.
Vongsombath, C., De Boer, H. J., & Pålsson, K. (2011). Keeping leeches at bay: Field evaluation of plant-derived extracts against terrestrial blood-sucking leeches (Haemadipsidae) in Lao PDR. Acta tropica, 119(2), 178-182.
Wangpakapattanawong, P., Kavinchan, N., Vaidhayakarn, C., Schmidt-Vogt, D., & Elliot, S. (2010). Fallow to forest: Applying indigenous and scientific knowledge of swidden cultivation to tropical forest restoration. Forest Ecology and Management, 260, 1399-1406.
Wanthongchai, K., Bauhus, J., & Goldammer, J. G. (2014). Effects of past burning frequency on woody plant structure and composition in dry dipterocarp forest. Thai Journal of Forestry, 33(3), 109-130.
Wattanasuksakul, S., Khamyong, S., Sri-ngernyuang, K., & Anongrak, N. (2012). Plant species diversity and carbon stocks in dry dipterocarp forest with and without fire at Intakin Silvicultural Research Station, Chiang Mai province. Thai Journal of Forestry, 31(3), 1-14.
Wester, L., & Yonvanit, S. (1995). Biological diversity and community lore in northeastern Thailand. Journal of Ethnobiology, 15, 71-87.
Wohlfart, C., Wegmann, M., & Leimgruber, P. (2014). Mapping threatened dry deciduous dipterocarp forest in South-east Asia for conservation management. Tropical Conservation Science, 7(4), 597-613.
Yang, W. S., Jeong, D., Yi, Y. S., Lee, B. H., Kim, T. W., Htwe, K. M., ... & Cho, J. Y. (2014). Myrsine seguinii ethanolic extract and its active component quercetin inhibit macrophage activation and peritonitis induced by LPS by targeting to Syk/Src/IRAK-1. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 151(3), 1165-1174.
Zumbroich, T. J. (2009). The ethnobotany of teeth blackening in Southeast Asia. Ethnobotany Research and Applications, 7, 381-398.
Bunyavejchewin, S. C., Baker, P., & Davis, S. J. (2011). Seasonally dry tropical forests in continental Southeast Asia – Structure, composition, and dynamics.
In W. J. McShea, S. J. Davis, & N. Bhumpakphan (Eds.), The ecology and conservation of seasonally dry forests in Asia (pp. 9-35). Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press.
Chayamarit, K. (2007). Gluta: Wisdom, threats and conservation. In Baimai, V., & Tantalakha, R. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 11th BRT Annual Conference 15-18 October 2007 Napalai Hotel, Udonthani (pp. 43-46). Biodiversity Research and Training Program (BRT), Bangkok: Jirawat Express.
Chotchoungchatchai, S., Saralamp, P., Jenjittikul, T., Pornsiripongse, S., & Prathanturarug, S. (2012). Medicinal plants used with Thai Traditional Medicine in modern healthcare services: A case study in Kabchoeng Hospital, Surin Province, Thailand. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 141(1), 193-205.
Chuakul, W. (2000). Medicinal plants in khao kho district, Phetchabun province, Thailand. Pharmaceutical biology, 38(1), 61-67.
Chuakul, W., Saralamp, P., & Boonpleng, A. (2002). Medicinal plants used in the Kutchum district, Yasothon Province, Thailand. Thai Journal of Phytopharmacy, 9(1), 22-49.
Cruz-Garcia, G. S., & Price, L. L. (2011). Ethnobotanical investigation of' wild' food plants used by rice farmers in Kalasin, Northeast Thailand. Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine, 7(1), 33.
de Boer, H. J., Lamxay, V., & Björk, L. (2012). Comparing medicinal plant knowledge using similarity indices: A case of the Brou, Saek and Kry in Lao PDR. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 141(1), 481-500.
de Boer, H., Vongsombath, C., Pålsson, K., Bjørk, L., & Jaenson, T. (2010). Botanical repellents and pesticides traditionally used against hematophagous invertebrates in Lao People’s Democratic Republic: A comparative study of plants used in 66 villages. Journal of Medical Entomology, 47, 400-414.
Elliott, S., Blakesley, D., & Hardwick, K. (2013). Restoring tropical forests: A practical guide. Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens.
Elliott, S., Kopachon, S., Suriya, K., Plukum, S., Pakaad, G., Navakitbumrung, P.,… Blakesley, D. (1997). Forest restoration research in northern Thailand: 2. The fruits, seeds and seedlings of Gluta usitata (wall.) Hou (Anacardiaceae). Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society, 45, 205-215.
Forest Herbarium (2009). Deciduous dipterocarp forest, Phachi River. Bangkok: Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation.
Forest Restoration Research Unit (FORRU). (2006). How to plant a forest: the principles and practice of restoring tropical forests. Chiang Mai: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University.
Gardner, S., Sidisunthorn, P., & Anusarnsunthorn, V. (2000). A field guide to forest trees of northern Thailand. Bangkok: Kobfai Publishing Project.
Hadi, S., & Bremner, J. B. (2001). Initial studies on alkaloids from Lombok medicinal plants. Molecules, 6(2), 117-129.
Himmapan, W., & Kaitpraneet, S. (2008). Effect of fire on vegetation in the dry deciduous dipterocarp forest at Huai Kha Khaeng wildlife sanctuary, Uthai Thani province. Thai Journal of Forestry, 27(1), 43-55.
Ji, H., Shengji, P., & Chunlin, L. (2004). An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the Lisu people in Nujiang, northwest Yunnan, China. Economic botany, 58(sp1), S253-S264.
Inta, A., Trisonthi, P., & Trisonthi, C. (2013). Analysis of traditional knowledge in medicinal plants used by Yuan in Thailand. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 149(1), 344-351.
Islam, M. N., Sulaiman, S. A., Kapitonova, M. Y., & Jamallullail, S. M. S. (2007). Effects of an indigenous contraceptive herbal formulation on gonadotrophs of the pituitary gland of the rat. The Malaysian journal of medical sciences: MJMS, 14(1), 23-27.
Junsongduang, A., Balslev, H., Inta, A., Jampeetong, A., & Wangpakapattanawong, P. (2013). Medicinal plants from swidden fallows and sacred forest of the Karen and the Lawa in Thailand. Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine, 9(1), 44.
Junsongduang, A., Balslev, H., Inta, A., Jampeetong, A., & Wangpakapattanawong, P. (2014). Karen and Lawa medicinal plant use: Uniformity or ethnic divergence?. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 151(1), 517-527.
Kala, C. P. (2009). Aboriginal uses and management of ethnobotanical species in deciduous forests of Chhattisgarh state in India. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 5(1), 20.
Khuankaew, S., Srithi, K., Tiansawat, P., Jampeetong, A., Inta, A., & Wangpakapattanawong, P. (2014). Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by Tai Yai in Northern Thailand. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 151(2), 829-838.
Khumbongmayum, A. D., Khan, M. L., & Tripathi, R. S. (2005). Sacred groves of Manipur, northeast India: biodiversity value, status and strategies for their conservation. Biodiversity & Conservation, 14(7), 1541-1582.
Kongkachuichay, P., Shitangkoon, A., & Chinwongamorn, N. (2002). Thermodynamics of adsorption of laccaic acid on silk. Dyes and pigments, 53(2), 179-185.
Kosaka, Y., Takeda, S., Prixar, S., Sithirajvongsa, S., & Xaydala, K. (2006). Species composition, distribution and management of trees in rice paddy fields in central Lao, PDR. Agroforestry Systems, 67(1), 1-17.
Kumar, J., Vengaiah, P. C., Srivastav, P. P., & Bhowmick, P. K. (2012). Chironji nut (Buchanania lanzan) processing, present practices and scope. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 11(1), 202-204.
Lamotte, S., Gajaseni, J., & Malaisse, F. (1998). Structure diversity in three forest types of north-eastern Thailand (Sakaerat Reserve, Pak Tong Chai). Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement, 2(3), 192-202.
Lehmann, L., Greijmans, M., & Shenman, D. (2003). Forests and trees of the central highlands of Xieng Khouang, Lao P.D.R. A Field Guide. Vientiane: Lao Tree Seed Project.
Malik, S. K., Chaudhury, R., Panwar, N. S., Dhariwal, O. P., Choudhary, R., & Kumar, S. (2012). Genetic resources of Chironji (Buchanania lanzan Spreng.): a socio-economically important tree species of central Indian tribal population. Genetic resources and crop evolution, 59(4), 615-623.
Marod, D., & Kuntintara, U. (2009). Forest Ecology. Bangkok: Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University.
Morton, J. F. (1987). Fruits of warm climates. Winterville, N. C.: Creative Resource Systems, Inc.
Murphy, P. G., & Lugo, A. E. (1986). Ecology of tropical dry forest. Annual review of ecology and systematics, 17(1), 67-88.
Narayanaswamy, R., & Ismail, I. S. (2015). Cosmetic potential of Southeast Asian herbs: an overview. Phytochemistry Reviews, 14(3), 419-428.
Natuhara, Y., Imanishi, A., Kanzaki, M., Southavong, S., & Duangvongsa, I. (2012). Uses of trees in paddy fields in Champasak Province, southern Lao PDR. Landscape and ecological engineering, 8(1), 115-122.
Nayak, J., & Basak, U. C. (2015). Antioxidant potential of some lesser known wild edible fruits of Odisha. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 5(8), 60-70.
Neamsuvan, O., Singdam, P., Yingcharoen, K., & Sengnon, N. (2012). A survey of medicinal plants in mangrove and beach forests from sating Phra Peninsula, Songkhla Province, Thailand. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 6(12), 2421-2437.
Onial, P., Dayal, R., Rawat, M. S. M., & Kumar, R. (2015). Utilization of Terminalia chebula Retz. fruits pericarp as a source of natural dye for textile applications. Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources (IJNPR)[Formerly Natural Product Radiance (NPR)], 6(2), 114-121.
Pooma, R., & Suddee, S. (Eds.). (2014). Thai plant names Tem Smitinand revised edition 2014. Bangkok: Office of the Forest Herbarium, Department of National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation.
Puri, A., Sahai, R., Singh, K. L., Saxena, R. P., Tandon, J. S., & Saxena, K. C. (2000). Immunostimulant activity of dry fruits and plant materials used in Indian traditional medical system for mothers after childbirth and invalids. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 71(1), 89-92.
Royal Forest Department. (2003). Forestry statistics of Thailand. Bangkok: Royal Forest Department.
Rujinirun, C., Phinyocheep, P., Prachyabrued, W., & Laemsak, N. (2005). Chemical treatment of wood for musical instruments. Part I: acoustically important properties of wood for the Ranad (Thai traditional xylophone). Wood Science and Technology, 39(1), 77-85.
Rundel, P. W., & Boonpragob, K. (1995). Dry forest ecosystems of Thailand. In S. H. Bullock, H. A. Mooney, & E. Medina (Eds.), Seasonally dry tropical forests (pp. 93–123). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Sahunalu, P. (2009). Stand structure and species composition in the longtermdynamic plots of Sakaerat deciduous dipterocarp forest, northeastern Thailand. Journal of Forest Management, 3(6), 1-20.
Schmidt-Vogt, D. (2001). Secondary forests in swidden agriculture in the highlands of Thailand. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 13, 748-767.
Schmidt-Vogt, D. (2007). Relict emergents in swidden fallows of the Lawa in North Thailand. In: M. Cairns, M. (Ed.), Voices from the Forest: Integrating indigenous knowledge into sustainable farming (pp. 38-54.). Washington: RFF Press.
Scott, P. (1986). The spatial pattern of dry season fires in the Savanna forests of Thailand. Journal of Biogeography, 13(4), 345-358.
Stott, P., Goldammer, J. G., & Werner, W. L. (1990). The role of fires in the tropical lowland deciduous forest of Asia. In Goldammer, J.G. (Ed.), Fire in the tropical biota: ecosystem processes and global challenges (pp. 32-44). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
Shiva, M. P., & Jantan, I. (1998). Non timber forest products from dipterocarps. In S. Appanah & J. M. Turnbull (Eds.), A review of dipterocarps: taxonomy, ecology and silviculture (pp 187-196) Bogor: Center for International Forestry Research.
Sichaem, J., Aree, T., Khumkratok, S., Jong-aramruang, J., & Tip-pyang, S. (2012). A new cytotoxic apotirucallane from the roots of Walsura trichostemon. Phytochemistry Letters, 5(3), 665-667.
Sukwong, S., Dhamanitayakul, P. & Pongumphai, S. (1975). Phenology and seasonal growth of dry dipterocarp forest tree species. Kasetsart Journal, 9(2), 105-114.
Taylor, R. S. L., Edel, F., Manandhar, N. P., & Towers, G. H. N. (1996). Antimicrobial activities of southern Nepalese medicinal plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 50(2), 97-102.
Vongsombath, C., De Boer, H. J., & Pålsson, K. (2011). Keeping leeches at bay: Field evaluation of plant-derived extracts against terrestrial blood-sucking leeches (Haemadipsidae) in Lao PDR. Acta tropica, 119(2), 178-182.
Wangpakapattanawong, P., Kavinchan, N., Vaidhayakarn, C., Schmidt-Vogt, D., & Elliot, S. (2010). Fallow to forest: Applying indigenous and scientific knowledge of swidden cultivation to tropical forest restoration. Forest Ecology and Management, 260, 1399-1406.
Wanthongchai, K., Bauhus, J., & Goldammer, J. G. (2014). Effects of past burning frequency on woody plant structure and composition in dry dipterocarp forest. Thai Journal of Forestry, 33(3), 109-130.
Wattanasuksakul, S., Khamyong, S., Sri-ngernyuang, K., & Anongrak, N. (2012). Plant species diversity and carbon stocks in dry dipterocarp forest with and without fire at Intakin Silvicultural Research Station, Chiang Mai province. Thai Journal of Forestry, 31(3), 1-14.
Wester, L., & Yonvanit, S. (1995). Biological diversity and community lore in northeastern Thailand. Journal of Ethnobiology, 15, 71-87.
Wohlfart, C., Wegmann, M., & Leimgruber, P. (2014). Mapping threatened dry deciduous dipterocarp forest in South-east Asia for conservation management. Tropical Conservation Science, 7(4), 597-613.
Yang, W. S., Jeong, D., Yi, Y. S., Lee, B. H., Kim, T. W., Htwe, K. M., ... & Cho, J. Y. (2014). Myrsine seguinii ethanolic extract and its active component quercetin inhibit macrophage activation and peritonitis induced by LPS by targeting to Syk/Src/IRAK-1. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 151(3), 1165-1174.
Zumbroich, T. J. (2009). The ethnobotany of teeth blackening in Southeast Asia. Ethnobotany Research and Applications, 7, 381-398.
Keywords
Deciduous dipterocarp forest; Disturbances; Diversity; Forest regeneration; Traditional uses
Section
Research Articles
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How to Cite
LARPKERN, Panadda; ERIKSEN, Marit; WAIBOONYA, Panya.
Diversity and Uses of Tree Species in the Deciduous Dipterocarp Forest, Mae Chaem District, Chiang Mai Province, Northern Thailand.
Naresuan University Journal: Science and Technology (NUJST), [S.l.], v. 25, n. 3, p. 43-55, july 2017.
ISSN 2539-553X.
Available at: <https://www.journal.nu.ac.th/NUJST/article/view/1915>. Date accessed: 29 apr. 2024.