Depression and Anxiety Related to Adult Development of University Loan Fund Students During Covid
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Published
Sep 3, 2024
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Abstract
The study focused on vulnerable students with loan funds during the coronavirus pandemic. The first research objective is to assess levels of adult development anxiety and depression and the second is to study the relationship of Naresuan University students with student loans during the coronavirus outbreak. A sample of 400 student loan fund students were given the developmental anxiety to adulthood assessment form (AAA-NU) and the depression test (PHQ-9). Quantitative data were analyzed by One-Way ANOVA and t-test statistical methods and results showed that most of the student loan fund students had anxiety about developing into adulthood at a relatively low level related to factors of anxiety in all four areas of work, occupation, adaptation and situational, and most of them had mild depression. Quantitative data analysis revealed statistically significant differences among the university faculty with anxiety in developing into adulthood at the .05 level. A Pearson correlation analysis indicated the level of anxiety and of depression were positively correlated significantly at a moderate level, r = .627, p < .001.
Keywords: Anxiety Related to Adult Development, Depression, Student Loans Fund, Covid
References
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Bano, Z., Ejaz, M., & Ahmad, I. (2021). Assessment of Prevalence of Anxiety in Adult Population and Development of Anxiety Scale: A Study of 819 Patients with Anxiety Disorder. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 37(2), 472–476. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.2.2158
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Debowska, A., Horeczy, B., Boduszek, D., & Dolinski, D. (2022). A Repeated Cross-sectional Survey Assessing University Students’ Stress, Depression, Anxiety, and Suicidality in the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland. Psychological Medicine, 52(15), 3744-3747. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172000392X
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Jiang, N., Yan-Li, S., Pamanee, K., & Sriyanto, J. (2021). Depression, Anxiety, and Stress During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Comparison Among Higher Education Students in Four Countries in the Asia-Pacific Region. Journal of Population and Social Studies (JPSS), 29, 370-383. http://doi.org/10.25133/JPSSv292021.023
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Poovorawan, Y. (2020). The Impact of the COVID-19 Outbreak, the Impact on Education. Learningcovid. Retrieved from https://learningcovid.ku.ac.th/course/?c=7&l=4#:~:text=
Pramukti, I., Strong, C., Sitthimongkol, Y., Setiawan, A., Pandin, M. G. R., Yen, C.-F., … Ko, N.-Y. (2020). Anxiety and Suicidal Thoughts During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Country Comparative Study Among Indonesian, Taiwanese, and Thai University Students. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(12), e24487. https://doi.org/10.2196/24487
Rodcharoen, E., Bruce, N. L., & Pholpunthin, P. (2016). Description of Four New Species of the Cirolana ‘Parva Group’ (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from Thailand, with Supporting Molecular (COI) Data. Journal of Natural History, 50(31-32), 1935-1981. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2016.1180718
Sriwongpanich, N. (2021, October 8). How do you Take Care of your Children? When you have to Study Online in the Era of COVID. Phyathai Hospital. Retrieved from https://www.phyathai.com/th/article/3618-ดูแลลูกอย่างไร
Swaminathan, A. (2020, May 22). Student Loan Borrowers Face ‘Increased Stress, Anxiety, and Depression’ Amid Coronavirus Shock, Survey Finds. Yahoo Finance. Retrieved from https://finance.yahoo.com/news/student-loan-stress-coronavirus-215717108.html
Tuongratanaphan, C. (2021, October 16). How does COVID-19 Education Disruption Affect the Quality of Education? Bangkokbiznews. Retrieved from https://www.bangkokbiznews.com/columnist/966219
Vignoli, E. (2015). Career Indecision and Career Exploration Among Older French Adolescents: The Specific Role of General Trait Anxiety and Future School and Career Anxiety. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 89, 182-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.06.005
Volková, A., & Dušková, P. (2015). Specific Fears in Emerging Adulthood Among Czech Undergraduate Students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 171, 487-493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.151
Yamane, T. (1973). Statistics: An Introductory Analysis (3rd ed.). New York: Harper and Row.
Yousefi, Z., Abedi, M., Baghban, I., Eatemadi, O., & Abedi, A. (2011). Personal and Situational Variables, and Career Concerns: Predicting Career Adaptability in Young Adults. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 14(1), 263–271. https://doi.org/10.5209/rev_sjop.2011.v14.n1.23
Arnett, J. J., Žukauskienė, R., & Sugimura, K. (2014). The New Life Stage of Emerging Adulthood at Ages 18–29 Years: Implications for Mental Health. The Lancet Psychiatry, 1(7), 569-576. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(14)00080-7
Bano, Z., Ejaz, M., & Ahmad, I. (2021). Assessment of Prevalence of Anxiety in Adult Population and Development of Anxiety Scale: A Study of 819 Patients with Anxiety Disorder. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 37(2), 472–476. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.2.2158
Barnes, A. (2022, September 23). Majority of Student Loan Borrowers Link Mental Health Issues to their Debt: Survey. Changing America. Retrieved from https://thehill.com/changing-america/enrichment/education/3658639-majority-of-student-loan-borrowers-link-mental-health-issues-to-their-debt/
Colman, I., Jones, P. B., Kuh, D., Weeks, M., Naicker, K., Richards, M., & Croudace, T. J. (2014). Early Development, Stress and Depression Across the Life Course: Pathways to Depression in a National British Birth Cohort. Psychological Medicine, 44(13), 2845-2854. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291714000385
Debowska, A., Horeczy, B., Boduszek, D., & Dolinski, D. (2022). A Repeated Cross-sectional Survey Assessing University Students’ Stress, Depression, Anxiety, and Suicidality in the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland. Psychological Medicine, 52(15), 3744-3747. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172000392X
Division of Academic Affair, Naresuan University. (n.d.). Summary of Naresuan University Student Loan Fund Information for 2020-2023. Retrieved from https://app.powerbi.com/view?r=eyJrIjoiOTY4M2EzMGMtNDMxMS00MzBjLTgzNjEtMjQ3Nzc2NGE5Mzg4IiwidCI6ImJmMWViM2Y4LTE5ZDItNDA5ZC1iMGM1LTRlODBjOTQzZmQ1MiIsImMiOjEwfQ%3D%3D&pageName=ReportSection
Ingard, A., Karnjanapoomi, N., & Sheoychitra, P. (2020). Undergraduate Students’ Anxiety During the Coronavirus Disease Epidemicin 2019. MUT Journal of Business Administration, 17(2), 94-113. Retrieved from https://so04.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/journalmbsmut/article/view/248062
Jiang, N., Yan-Li, S., Pamanee, K., & Sriyanto, J. (2021). Depression, Anxiety, and Stress During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Comparison Among Higher Education Students in Four Countries in the Asia-Pacific Region. Journal of Population and Social Studies (JPSS), 29, 370-383. http://doi.org/10.25133/JPSSv292021.023
Johnson, M., & Saunderson, H. (2023). Examining the Relationship between Anxiety and Pathological Demand Avoidance in Adults: A Mixed Methods Approach. Frontiers in Education, 8, 1179015. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1179015
Lee, Y. E., Seo, J. H., Kim, S. T., Jeon, S., Park, C. I., Kim, S. J., & Kang, J. I. (2023). Psychological Factors Associated with COVID-19 Related Anxiety and Depression in Young Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic. PLoS ONE, 18(6), e0286636. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286636
Nageswaran, K., & Devi, S. (2021). Assess the Depression Anxiety and Stress Among Adults. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Holistic Health, 7(1), 23-25. https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jpmhh.2021.006
NationTV. (2022, December 4). Chulalongkorn University Opens a Research on Increasing Stress in the University, Finding Problems with Student Debt. Retrieved from https://www.nationtv.tv/news/social/378894992
Negash, S., Kartschmit, N., Mikolajczyk, R. T., Watzke, S., Matos Fialho, P. M., Pischke, C. R., … Schmidt-Pokrzywniak, A. (2021). Worsened Financial Situation During the COVID-19 Pandemic was Associated with Depressive Symptomatology Among University Students in Germany: Results of the COVID-19 International Student Well-Being Study. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 743158. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.743158
Ngotngamwong, R. (2021). Employment During the COVID-19 Pandemic by the Class of 2020 in Thailand. Human Behavior, Development and Society, 22(3), 42-53. Retrieved from https://so01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/hbds/article/view/248770
Poovorawan, Y. (2020). The Impact of the COVID-19 Outbreak, the Impact on Education. Learningcovid. Retrieved from https://learningcovid.ku.ac.th/course/?c=7&l=4#:~:text=
Pramukti, I., Strong, C., Sitthimongkol, Y., Setiawan, A., Pandin, M. G. R., Yen, C.-F., … Ko, N.-Y. (2020). Anxiety and Suicidal Thoughts During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Country Comparative Study Among Indonesian, Taiwanese, and Thai University Students. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(12), e24487. https://doi.org/10.2196/24487
Rodcharoen, E., Bruce, N. L., & Pholpunthin, P. (2016). Description of Four New Species of the Cirolana ‘Parva Group’ (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from Thailand, with Supporting Molecular (COI) Data. Journal of Natural History, 50(31-32), 1935-1981. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2016.1180718
Sriwongpanich, N. (2021, October 8). How do you Take Care of your Children? When you have to Study Online in the Era of COVID. Phyathai Hospital. Retrieved from https://www.phyathai.com/th/article/3618-ดูแลลูกอย่างไร
Swaminathan, A. (2020, May 22). Student Loan Borrowers Face ‘Increased Stress, Anxiety, and Depression’ Amid Coronavirus Shock, Survey Finds. Yahoo Finance. Retrieved from https://finance.yahoo.com/news/student-loan-stress-coronavirus-215717108.html
Tuongratanaphan, C. (2021, October 16). How does COVID-19 Education Disruption Affect the Quality of Education? Bangkokbiznews. Retrieved from https://www.bangkokbiznews.com/columnist/966219
Vignoli, E. (2015). Career Indecision and Career Exploration Among Older French Adolescents: The Specific Role of General Trait Anxiety and Future School and Career Anxiety. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 89, 182-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.06.005
Volková, A., & Dušková, P. (2015). Specific Fears in Emerging Adulthood Among Czech Undergraduate Students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 171, 487-493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.151
Yamane, T. (1973). Statistics: An Introductory Analysis (3rd ed.). New York: Harper and Row.
Yousefi, Z., Abedi, M., Baghban, I., Eatemadi, O., & Abedi, A. (2011). Personal and Situational Variables, and Career Concerns: Predicting Career Adaptability in Young Adults. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 14(1), 263–271. https://doi.org/10.5209/rev_sjop.2011.v14.n1.23
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How to Cite
ANUSAKSATHIEN, Kantabhat.
Depression and Anxiety Related to Adult Development of University Loan Fund Students During Covid.
Journal of Community Development Research (Humanities and Social Sciences), [S.l.], v. 17, n. 3, p. 29-39, sep. 2024.
ISSN 2985-0231.
Available at: <https://www.journal.nu.ac.th/JCDR/article/view/Vol-17-No-3-2024-29-39>. Date accessed: 30 apr. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.14456/jcdr-hs.2024.19.