Effects of Different Nitrogen Forms on Growth, Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Activity in Hedychium speciosum and H. coronarium
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is the most important nutrient element for plant growth and the synthesis of many secondary metabolites. Plants typically obtain inorganic N in form of NH4+ and NO3-. Two Hedychium species were grown in nutrient solutions modified from Smart and Barko (1985). The experiment consists of three N forms; NH4+, NH4+NO3-, NO3- and control (no N form) with the same concentration of nitrogen (500 µM) for 60 days. Destructive sampling was done and morphology was recorded. Total phenolic content (TPC) was evaluated by Folin-Ciocalteu method while the antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. Different nitrogen forms have significantly (p ≤0.05) affected plant height, root numbers, root number and total biomass between two Hedychium species. H. speciosum had height new shoot, leaf number, root number and total biomass in NH4+ supply. H. coronarium had height, leaf number, root number and total biomass in NH4+NO3- supply. Total phenolic contents both species were increased by NH4+ supply. H. speciosum were accumulate total phenolic content in the leaves 21.55 mg.g-1 GAE was lower than in H. coronarium 43.49 mg.g-1GAE, but in stem of the H. speciosum were accumulate total phenolic content 25.08 mg.g-1GAE was lower than in H. coronarium 20.66 mg.g-1GAE. NH4+ supply increased antioxidant activity with DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical scavenging activity.
Keywords: Phenolic content, Antioxidant activity, Nitrogen forms, Hedychium species, Growth, Morphology
References
org/10.1016/S0023-6438 (95)80008-5
Britto, D. T., & Kronzucker H. J. (2002). NH4+ toxicity in higher plants: A critical re-view. Journal of Plant Physiology, 159, 567-584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/0176-1617-0774
Caldwell, M. M., Ballare, C. L., Bornman, J. F., Flint, S. D., Bjorn, L. O., Teramura, A. H. … Tevini, M. (2003). Terrestrial ecosystems, increased solar ultraviolet radiation and interactions with other climatic change factors. Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, 2, 29–38.
Cartea, M. E., Francisco, M., Soengas, P., & Velasco, P. (2011). Phenolic Compounds in Brassica Vegetables. Journal Molecular, 16, 251-280; https://doi:10.3390/molecules16010251
Esmaeili, A., Tavassoli, A., & Ebrahimzadeh, M. A. (2009). Antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging activity of Salvia glutinosa growing in Iran. Pharmacology online, 2, 109–116.
Gweyi-Onyango, J. P., Neumann, G., & Roemheld, V. (2009). Effects of Different Forms of Nitrogen on Relative Growth Rate and Growth Components of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). African Journal of Horticultural Science, 2, 43-55.
Hartatia, R., Sugandaa, A.G., & Fidriannya, I. (2014). Botanical, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties of Hedychium (Zingiberaceae) - A Review. Procedia Chemistry, 13, 150-163.
Horchani, F., Aloui, A., Brouquisse, R., & Aschi-Smiti, S. (2010). Physiological responses of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) as affected by root hypoxia and NaCl salinity. Agronomy and Crop Science, 194, 297-303. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037X.2008.00313.x
Ibrahim, M. H., Jaafar, H. Z., Rahmat, A., & Rahman, Z. A. (2011). Effects of nitrogen fertilization on synthesis of primary and secondary metabolites in three varieties of Kacip Fatimah (Labisia pumila Blume). International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 12, 5238-5254. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms
12085238
Jain, S. P., Singh, J., & Singh, S. C. (2003). Rare endangered medicinal and aromatic plants of Madhya Pradesh. Journal of economic and taxonomic botany, 27(4), 925-932.
Kova, C. J., Klejdus, B., Backor, M., & Rep, C. M. (2007). Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity and phenolic compounds accumulation in nitrogen-deficient Matricaria chamomilla leaf rosettes. Journal of Plant Sciences, 172(2), 393-399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2006.10.001
Minu, S. M., Masroor, A., & Khan, M. N. (2016). Effect of nitrogen on growth, nutrient assimilation, essential oil content, yield and quality attributes in Zingiber officinale Rosc. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 15(2), 171-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2014.11.002
Munene, R., Changamu, E., Korir, N., Onyango, & Joseph, G. (2017). Effects of different nitrogen forms on
growth, phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant activity in amaranth species. Tropical plant research, 4(1), 81–89. https://doi.org/10.22271/tpr.2017.v4.i1.012
Nabavi, S. M., Ebrahimzadeh, M. A., Nabavi, S. F., Hamidinia, A., & Bekhradnia, A. (2008). Determination of antioxidant activity, phenol and flavonoids content of Parrotia persica Mey. Pharmacology online, 2, 560-567.
Pachurekar, P., & Dixit, A. K. (2017). A Review on Pharmacognostical Phytochemical and Ethnomedicinal Properties of Hedychium Coronarium J. Koenig an Endangered Medicine. International Journal of Chinese Medicine, 1(2), 49-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcm.20170102.13
Razaq, M., Zhang, P., Shen, H., & Salahuddin. (2017). Influence of nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth and root morphology of Acer mono. PLoS One, 12, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.
pone.0171321
Sabir, M., Hanafi, M. M., Malik, M. T., Aziz, T., Zia-ur-Rehman, M., Ahmad H. R., … Shahid, M. (2013) Differential effect of nitrogen forms on physiological parameters and micronutrient concentration in maize (Zea mays L.). Australian Journal of Crop Science-AJCS, 7(12), 1836-1842.
Salahas, G., Papasavvas, A., Giannakopoulos, E., Tselios, T., & Savvas, D. (2011). Impact of nitrogen deficiency on biomass production, gas exchange, and betacyanin and total phenol concentrations in red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Plants. European Journal of Horticultural Science, 76(5), 194-200.
Saxena, M., Saxena, J., Nema, R., Singh, D., & Gupta, A. (2013). Phytochemistry of medicinal plants. J. Pharm. Phytochem, 1(6), 168-82.
Schlesier, K., Harwat, M., Böhm, V., & Bitsch, R. (2002). Assessment of Antioxidant Activity by Using Different in Vitro Methods. Free Radical Research, 36(2), 177-87.
Suksathan, R., Puangpradab, R., Saratan, N., & Boonvun, D. (2018). Bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties of four Hedychium flowers for flavoured tea. Acta Horticulturae, 1194, 1053-1056. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2018.1194.150
Smart, R. M., & Barko, J. W. (1985). Laboratory culture of submersed freshwater macrophytes on natural sediments. Aquatic Botany, 21, 251-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770 (85)90053-1
Tischner, R. (2000). Nitrate uptake and reduction in higher and lower plants. Plant Cell Environment, 23, 1055-1024. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.2000.00595.x
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.