Individual Characteristic Predictors for Training Effectiveness in Thailand: A Study of Internal Locus of Control and Self-Efficacy
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
This research studied changes in technological innovations and demographics directly affecting careers of which training and development for employees and organizations were important. Locus of control and self-efficacy were studied to confirm individual characteristics that determine training effectiveness. Social cognitive theory was used to explain behavioral change in organizations with regard to training effectiveness. The research applied a quantitative method by using a structured questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was used to explore predictors on training effectiveness. The respondents were 19 employees in service industries, including real estate and the construction business. The results confirmed that internal locus of control and self-efficacy were positive predictors on training effectiveness of employees in Thailand. The standardized regression coefficient represented significant predictors of responsibility attribution β = 0.443 and β = 0.260; P < 0.05 for internal locus of control and self-efficacy, respectively. The positive relationship on internal locus of control, self-efficacy and training effectiveness indicated the ability to manage people who had high self-efficacy to participate in training and development program. Future research can study more details regarding other individual characteristics and further relationships between internal locus of control and self-efficacy in different dimensions.
Keywords: Social Cognitive Theory, Locus of Control, Self-Efficacy, Training Effectiveness
References
Bandura, A. (1986). Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Bandura, A. (1989). Human Agency in Social Cognitive Theory. American Psychologist, 44(9), 1175-1184.
Bandura, A., & Schunk, D. H. (1981). Cultivating Competence, Self-Efficacy, and Intrinsic Interest through Proximal Self-Motivation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41(3), 586-598.
Bouffard-Bouchard, T. (1990). Influence of Self-Efficacy on Performance in a Cognitive Task. The Journal of Social Psychology, 130(3), 353-363. DOI: 10.1080/00224545.1990.9924591
Brown, J. (2002). Training Needs Assessment: A Must for Developing an Effective Training Program. Public Personnel Management, 31(4), 569-578. DOI: 10.1177/009102600203100412
Chiaburu, D. S., & Tekleab, A. G. (2005). Individual and Contextual Influences on Multiple Dimensions of Training Effectiveness. Journal of European Industrial Training, 29(8), 604-626. DOI: 10.1108/03090590510627085
Elnaga, A., & Imran, A. (2013). The Effect of Training on Employee Performance. European Journal of Business and Management, 5(4), 137-147.
Facteau, J. D., Dobbins, G. H., Russell, J. E. A., Ladd, R. T., & Kudisch, J. D. (1995). The Influence of General Perceptions of the Training Environment on Pretraining Motivation and Perceived Training Transfer. Journal of Management, 21(1), 1-25. DOI: 10.1016/0149-2063(95)90031-4
Fitzgerald, W. (1992). Training Versus Development. Training & Development, 46(5), 81-84.
Ho, R. (2013). Handbook of Univariate and Multivariate Data Analysis with IBM SPSS (2nd ed.). FL: Chapman and Hall/CRC.
Jehanzeb, K., & Bashir, N. A. (2013). Training & Development Program and its Benefits to Employee and Organization: A Conceptual Study. European Journal of Business and Management, 5(2), 243-252.
Lado, A. A., & Wilson, M. C. (1994). Human Resource Systems and Sustained Competitive Advantage: A Competency-Based Perspective. Academy of Management Review, 19(4), 699-727.
Lunenburg, F. C. (2011). Self-Efficacy in the Workplace: Implications for Motivation and Performance. International Journal of Management, Business, and Administration, 14(1), 1-6.
Maddux, J. E. (2002). Self-Efficacy: The Power of Believing you can. In C. R. Snyder, & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of Positive Psychology (pp. 277–287). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Mathieu, J. E., Tannenbaum, S. I., & Salas, E. (1992). Influences of Individual and Situational Characteristics on Measures of Training Effectiveness. Academy of Management Journal, 35(4), 828-847. DOI: 10.2307/256317
Maurer, T. J., & Lippstreu, M. (2008). Who will be Committed to an Organization that Provides Support for Employee Development? Journal of Management Development, 27(3), 328-347. DOI: 10.1108/02621710810858632
Noe, R. A. (1986). Trainees’ Attributes and Attitudes: Neglected Influences on Training Effectiveness. Academy of Management Review, 11(4), 736-749. DOI: 10.2307/258393
Rotter, J. B. (1966). Generalized Expectancies for Internal Versus External Control of Reinforcement. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 80(1), 1–28. DOI: 10.1037/h0092976
Schwab, K. (2016, January 14). The Fourth Industrial Revolution: What it Means, How to Respond. Retrieved from https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-what-it-means-and-how-to-respond/
Sherer, M., Maddux, J. E., Mercandante, B., Prentice-Dunn, S., Jacobs, B., & Rogers, R. W. (1982). The Self-Efficacy Scale: Construction and Validation. Psychological Reports, 51(2), 663-671. DOI: 10.2466/pr0.1982.51.2.663
Smith, R. E. (1989). Effects of Coping Skills Training on Generalized Self-Efficacy and Locus of Control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56(2), 228-233. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.56.2.228
Steensma, H., & Groeneveld, K. (2010). Evaluating a Training Using the “Four Levels Model”. Journal of Workplace Learning, 22(5), 319-331. DOI: 10.1108/13665621011053226
Tantanawat, S. (2019). A Comparison of Perceived Job Performance Predictors for Different Employment Mode Employees in Facility Management. In 25th Annual Pacific-Rim Real Estate Society Conference, Melbourne, Australia, 14-16 January 2019. Australia: Melbourne School of Design, University of Melbourne. Retrieved from http://www.prres.net/papers/Tantanawat_Comparison_of_perceived_job_performance%20.pdf
Thailand Professional Qualification Institute (Public Organization). (2019). Industry Cluster. Retrieved from http://tpqi-net.tpqi.go.th/home/Occ/group/SERVICE
World Economic Forum. (2018a). Insight Report: The Future of Jobs Report 2018. Geneva, Switzerland: World Economic Forum. Retrieved from http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Future_of_Jobs_2018.pdf
World Economic Forum. (2018b). Shaping the Future of Construction: An Action Plan to Solve the Industry’s Talent Gap. Geneva, Switzerland: World Economic Forum. Retrieved from http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Future_of_Jobs_2018.pdf